Gold Nano Particles in Novel Drug Delivery


Drug delivery systems are successful and unique methods which introduce the therapeutic substances into the body more efficiently and safely by having adjustable delivery rate and the specific target site.
Gold nanoparticles have countless favorable physical, chemical, optical, thermal and biological activity that make them a highly appropriate choice as non-toxic carriers for drug and gene delivery.
The surface alteration of gold nanoparticles completely enhance their systemic circulation, minimize the rate of sedimentation, enhance binding affinity towards therapeutic molecules, target sites & receptors due to their Nano size range which again gains their power to cross cell membranes and decrease overall cytotoxicity.



Gold nanoparticles have the capability of bio-imaging of the effected malignant cells for treatment.
For successful drug delivery system or drug therapy, it is necessary to inspect the biological activity of gold nanoparticles as they have unique physicochemical properties and have strong binding affinity towards thiols, carboxylic acid, proteins, disulfides, and aptamers so they have been broadly used in the field of biosciences notably in drug delivery for cancer therapy.
Gold nanoparticles obeyed three key mechanisms for the cellular uptake which includes receptor-mediated endocytosis, phagocytosis and fluid phase endocytosis.





Conjugates of gold nanoparticles which collaborates with drug molecules play an important role in the treatment of endo-cellular diseases. They could enhance drug efficiency & power. Antibiotics or other drug molecules directly attached with gold nanoparticle via ionic or covalent bonding, or by physical absorption. For example, 13 nm colloidal gold nanoparticle has been joined with methotrexate which increases the pharmacological effects of drug-resistant tumor cells.
Gold nanoparticle has a lots of advantages over other Nanoparticulate drug delivery system like it has unique optical, physical & chemical properties due to its size and shape, have high surface area which provide concentrated drug loading, heavily biocompatible that is easily conjugated with biomolecule, non-cytotoxic to the normal cell, can be easily synthesized, have controlled dispersity, they can easily reach the target site due small size and uniform dispersion.



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